RichWave has always paid attention to environmental protection, striving to reach a balance between corporate operations and co-prosperity/co-existence with the environment by launching electronic products featuring exceptional performance and green concepts. Consequently, while materializing the environmental management policy and controlling the environmental impact of our operations, we also pro-actively engage in supply chain and environmental management, supervising and guiding our supply chain partners to fulfill their environmental responsibilities in a bid to create a green semiconductor value chain.

Climate Change

Faced with increasing global warming, RichWave is aware that climate change is an urgent issue that must be addressed. The World Economic Forum (WEF) published the "Global Risks Report 2025" on January 15, 2026, analyzing the major risks facing the world in the current period (2025), the short term (next two years), and the long term (next ten years). The top four global long-term risks over the next 10 years remain the same as in 2024, all of which are environmental issues: extreme weather events, biodiversity loss and ecosystem collapse, critical changes to Earth’s systems, and natural resource shortages. Environmental risks are considered the most urgent survival challenge due to their increasing intensity and frequency. In light of this, governments worldwide are gradually implementing compulsory regulations that demand businesses to conduct financial impact analysis based on the Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosures (TCFD). Since 2024, Taiwan's Financial Supervisory Commission (FSC) has required all TWSE- and TPEx-listed companies to disclose nine key pieces of climate change-related information in their annual reports.

To align with international trends and regulatory requirements, RichWave initially adopted the TCFD framework in early 2022. This framework structures climate governance around governance, strategy, risk management, and metrics and targets. We have established emission reduction plans with phased targets and identified potential financial impacts from climate-related risks and opportunities. Furthermore, we have developed corresponding strategies and actions to strengthen climate adaptation resilience. In 2023, the Company expanded its assessment of climate risks and opportunities by involving more departments to fully evaluate the actual and potential financial impacts on the Company. Following the 2023 qualitative TCFD report, the Company has conducted annual quantitative analyses of risks and opportunities since 2024, developing quantitative methodologies to calculate the financial impact of various climate issues. This ensures that stakeholders can fully understand these impacts and how they are integrated into financial planning. RichWave continues to incorporate sustainability management requirements into its supply chain management practices, working collaboratively with suppliers to promote environmental sustainability. The Company regularly tracks the performance of relevant metrics and reports the results to the Board of Directors, while continuously optimizing its management approaches to strengthen organizational climate resilience.

RichWave has participated in the CDP (an international non-profit organization) questionnaire and disclosure process since 2023. For two consecutive years (2024 and 2025), the Company has been recognized with the highest rating (B) for SMEs in climate change. In 2025, the Company was invited for the first time to participate in the "Carbon Competitiveness 100" initiative, promoted by Business Weekly and the Risk Society and Policy Research Center, National Taiwan University, and was selected as one of the top 100 companies. Adhering to our management philosophy of "focus and dedication," the Company continues to drive carbon reduction efforts with a steady approach as we strive toward the goal of becoming a century-old enterprise.

The 4 Core Elements of TCFD

I. Governance

RichWave has established a Business Continuity Plan (BCP) Management Office as a dedicated function to manage climate-related risks and opportunities, conducting annual evaluations of climate risks , as well as formulates and implements response strategies and action plans. Supervised by the Corporate Sustainability Committee with the Board of Directors as the highest oversight body, Its activities are overseen by the Corporate Sustainability Committee, while the Board of Directors has ultimate oversight of climate-related governance. The President serves as the General Convener, with theWorldwide Logistics Office acting as the coordinating unit responsible for policy formulation, action planning, and communication. A “Climate Change Risk Response Team is established under the Office,” comprising an Event Investigation Team, a Supply Chain Team, a Support Team, and a Mobile Team. Representatives from various business departments participate to facilitate cross-departmental communication and coordination, and the annual results are reported to the Board of Directors.

RichWave’s climate governance organizational structure

II. Risk Management

RichWave’s climate risk management is based on a business continuity management model, comprehensively assessing potential climate risks related to policies, regulations, and technologies, and formulating response measures. After each business unit identifies important climate risks and opportunities, the Climate Change Response Team plans corresponding strategies and measures, incorporating them into the Company’s general risk management mechanism to normalize climate issue management and ensure effective monitoring and response to the challenges of climate-related issues.

RichWave’s Key Climate Risk and Opportunity Evaluation Procedure

III. Strategy

1. Identification Climate Risks and Opportunities

In 2023, we assessed RichWave’s industry characteristics and development trends based on the current operations of each department. We also explored various strategic development directions, taking into account local regulatory developments and the geographical characteristics of our business locations. As a result, we preliminarily identified 12 climate-related risks and opportunities relevant to RichWave, including five transition risks, two physical risks, and five opportunity-related topics.

Table. RichWave’s risks and opportunities

2. RichWave’s Material Climate Risks and Opportunities

The three material climate risks and opportunities identified by RichWave this year include mandatory regulations for products and services, developing new markets, low-carbon products, and innovative services. We analyze the potential and actual impact of climate risks and opportunities on the Company, basing our assessment on current market conditions, international trends, and external research reports. We also review our resource allocation and future business development to formulate appropriate response strategies.

Financial impact evaluation and adaptation measures for RichWave’s material climate risks and opportunities

3. Climate Risk and Opportunity Scenario Analysis Outcome ^{Note 1}

RichWave conducted scenario analyses by selecting one key issue from each of its identified physical risks and transition risks and opportunities. Taking into account the relevant climate scenarios, the Company utilized an impact pathway methodology to evaluate potential operational impacts and developed quantitative approaches for estimating potential financial impacts.

Note1. The outcome of climate-related financial impact analysis can vary depending on factors such as assessment scope, scenario assumptions, data scope, and data availability. Please evaluate the applicability of the data with caution when citing the data.

Note2. Wood Mackenzie (2024). Renewable Energy Certificate (REC) prices to drop 76% by 2050 due to surging renewable generation in Asia Pacific.

Note3. Due to a calculation error in the estimated increase in electricity costs for 2050 in the previous reporting year, the value has decreased significantly following a correction this year.

Note4. Revenue from low-carbon products in 2025 grew 13-fold compared to 2024; therefore, the growth rate of operating profit in 2030 decreased significantly compared to the previous year.

IV. Metrics and Targets

RichWave regularly monitors the development of material climate risks and opportunities, and formulates corresponding management metrics and targets. We have set targets for emission reduction, water conservation, power saving, and waste reduction, and planned renewable energy use programs. We have also expanded relevant management requirements to our supply chain partners to jointly promote environmental sustainability. We will regularly monitor the achievement of various metrics and report it to the Board of Directors, and continue to optimize and improve various management measures to enhance the Company's climate resilience.

GHG Management

GHG Reduction Targets and Achievements

Note. Cumulative renewable energy consumption is expected to reach 142,000 kWh, and we expect to acquire 142 renewable energy certificates (RECs) by 2030.

Operational GHG Management

Since June 2022, RichWave has introduced the ISO 14064-1:2018 GHG management system and obtained third-party verification. We have adopted the operational control approach to conduct a Scope 1, 2, and 3 GHG inventory for our Taiwan locations, actively promoting various GHG emission reduction measures based on the inventory results, and setting a reduction target of 4.8% for Scope 1 and Scope 2 GHG emissions by 2030, compared to the 2022 baseline year. The Company does not have energy-intensive equipment or production processes, and purchased electricity accounts for the majority of its energy consumption. Please refer to 5.2 Energy Management for details on GHG reduction initiatives.

RichWave’s Scope 1 GHG emissions in 2025 were 17.3400 tCO2e, a decrease of 35.8% compared to 2024. Scope 2 GHG emissions were 528.9394 tCO2e, a 1.7% increase compared to 2024. Scope 1 and Scope 2 emissions intensity was 0.1452 tCO2e/NT$ million, a 5.5% decrease from 2024. This was mainly due to a reduction in the number of refrigeration refrigerant equipment purchased in 2025 compared to the previous two years, as well as the addition of air circulation fans, which allowed for higher air conditioning temperature settings.

For 2025, the Company’s Scope 3 emissions inventory was evaluated based on the principle of materiality. The categories inventoried include Category 3 and Category 4 emission activities such as upstream product transportation, downstream product transportation, employee commuting, raw material extraction, manufacturing and processing, as well as the disposal of solid and liquid waste. In 2025, Scope 3 GHG emissions totaled 206.3496 tCO2e, equivalent to a 2.0% decrease compared to 2024. In particular, emissions from employee commuting were identified as the primary indirect GHG emission source.

RichWave’s GHG Emissions: Base Year and Last Three Years

Note1. The 2025 organizational boundary was established using the operational control approach, covering all sites within Taiwan. The inventory was conducted in accordance with the ISO 14064-1:2018 standard. Emission factors were selected based on the "GHG Emission Factors (2024/2/5 Edition)" and the "Guidelines for GHG Emissions Inventory (2024 Edition)." Total emissions were calculated using the Global Warming Potential (GWP) values published in the IPCC AR6.

Note2. The seven gas types included in the calculation are: carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons, sulfur hexafluoride, and nitrogen trifluoride.

Note3. The Scope 3 emission categories include Category 3 and Category 4, and the emission activities include upstream/downstream product transportation, employee commuting, raw material extraction, manufacturing and processing, as well as the disposal of solid and liquid waste.

Note4. According to the results of third-party verification on October 21, 2024, the 2023 GHG emissions have been revised: Scope 1 emissions were adjusted from 29.0359 tCO2e to 20.4260 tCO2e, Scope 2 emissions changed from 555.7964 tCO2e to 554.3981 tCO2e, and Scope 3 emissions were revised from 218.9705 tCO2e to 229.7762 tCO2e.

Note5. According to the results of third-party verification on November 18, 2025, the 2024 GHG emissions have been revised: Scope 1 emissions were adjusted from 19.9100 tCO2e to 27.0043 tCO2e, Scope 2 emissions changed from 535.0735 tCO2e to 538.3440 tCO2e, and Scope 3 emissions were revised from 200.4103 tCO2e to 202.2790 tCO2e.

Note6. The 2025 emission data has not yet been verified by a third party and will be adjusted based on the third- party verification results in 2026.

Other Indirect GHG Emissions Management

RichWave's business operations include IC R&D, design and sales, where product manufacturing is completely reliant on the processing of our supply chain partners. The supply chain is an important link in mitigating product life cycle carbon emissions, hence we stress scope 3 GHG management and vigorously promote the reduction of GHGs outside of the organization's business scope. Through continuous refinement, increasing the performance of our high-power, energy-efficient products, and implementing supply chain energy management, we can minimize the carbon footprint of various terminal electronic products. In doing so, the company will be able to attain the sustainability of energy resources while offering consumers high- performance, high-quality products.

(1) Green Product Design

Amidst increasingly stringent global environmental requirements and tightening carbon regulations, particularly with the European Union's Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) and the progressive implementation of carbon fees in Taiwan, RichWave introduced ISO 14067 and obtained certification in 2025. This allows us toaccount for the environmental impact of the product life cycle during the IC design stage and continuously drive innovation in energy-saving design. Besides effectively reducing energy consumption during the production process and lowering production costs, RichWave can also decrease energy consumption while using the products, thereby mitigating production/consumption costs with our suppliers and consumers, as well as cherishing the Earth and engendering a green, sustainable future. This commitment is key to maintaining our competitiveness within the international supply chain.

(2) Supply Chain Carbon Management

To promote supply chain decarbonization, we require our suppliers to obtain ISO 9001 Quality Management System, ISO 14001 Environmental Management System, ISO 14064, ISO 45001 Occupational Safety and Health Management System, QC 080000 Hazardous Substance Process Management System, and IATF 16949 Automotive Quality Management System certifications. This helps to mitigate the negative environmental impacts of product manufacturing processes. In addition, we have conducted an audit of our 23 primary suppliers across the three categories of wafer, packaging and testing, to make sure that they engage in ongoing energy and GHG emissions reduction improvements. Also, the zero-carbon objective and action plan guidelines for 2030 and 2050 have been formulated.

(3) Green Transportation

In terms of the daily commute, we encourage our colleagues to make use of public transport or carpool; in terms of business travel, besides asking our colleagues to utilize public transport, they are encouraged to conduct meetings using the video conferencing system to minimize carbon emissions from transportation.